The soil. Soil organisms. The plant in relation to water. Plan nutrition. Special methods of nutrition. Respiration. Modifications of plant organs. Plant communities. Oakwoods: Damp oakwoods; dry oakwoods. Beechwoods. Ashwoods. Pinewoods. Heaths. Moorland: Heather moor; cottongrass moor; grass moor. Chalk downs. Grassland. Plant succession. Marsh and aquatic plants. Fenland. Salt marsh. Sand dunes. Shingle. Arable land and weeds. Hedgerows. Rocky shores. Mountains and cliffs.