Semicro qualitative organic analysis: The systematics identification of organic compounds

Identification; the systematic approach; physical methods; microscopic methods; sample size.

Equipment and procedures for small-scale work.

Fractionation procedures: Crystallization; lation; sublimation; extraction.

Fractionation procedures: Chromatographic procedures; other methods fractionations.

Physical properties of organic compounds.

The separations of mixtures: Mixtures; the use other methods of separation.Preliminary examination of the pure compound; analysis elements.

Classifications by solubility.Classifications by the indicator method.

Tests for the classification of an unknown: An inventory and a forward look; tests for special classes.

Problems in the derivatization of organic compounds.

Derivatives of carboxylic acids and acid derivatives: Carboxylic acids; amino acids; acid halides; acid anhydrides.

Derivatives of alcohol and phenols monohydric and polyhydric: Alcohols; phenols.

Derivatives of aldehydes, ketones, and acetals.

Derivatives of carbohydrates.

Derivatives of esters and ethers.

Derivatives of halogen compounds: Alkyl and cycloalkyl halides; halides; fluorine compounds.

Derivatives of hydrocarbons: Alkanes and cycloalkanes; alkenes and cycloalkenes, alkynes, dienes; aromatics hydrocarbons.

Derivates of amino-nitrogen function: Amines; hydrazines; amines, imines, and ureas.

Derivates of other nitrogen functions: Azo compounds; azoxy and hydrazo compounds; isocyanates and isocyanides; nitriles; nitro compounds; nitroso compounds.

Derivates of sulfur functions: Sulfonamides; sulfonyl chlorides; sulfonic acids; thiocyanates and isothiocyanates; thioethers; thiols mercaptans and thiophenols

Instrumental methods.

Tables of organic compounds with their constants and derivatives; nomenclature.

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